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+86-13793088586Many people believe that rolling bearings reduce friction solely through "pure rolling," but reality is far more complex than imagined. In fact, various forms of sliding friction are always present during seemingly smooth rotation, profoundly affecting bearing performance and lifespan.
Firstly, sliding is not accidental, but a necessary consequence determined by the structure and kinematics. For example, in Angular Contact Ball Bearings, "spin sliding" occurs due to changes in the contact point geometry; when the bearing operates at high speed, the rollers also experience "gyroscopic sliding" due to the gyroscopic effect; in addition, the relative motion between the roller end face and the inner and outer ring flanges also leads to significant end-face sliding friction. These phenomena are discussed in detail in professional literature such as "Rolling Bearing Analysis" and "Principles of Rolling Bearing Design."
Secondly, sliding friction has a "dual nature": on the one hand, it is the main source of energy loss inside the bearing, exacerbating wear and temperature rise; on the other hand, with proper lubrication—such as using lubricating oil of appropriate viscosity and maintaining sufficient oil film thickness—its negative effects can be significantly reduced, or even effectively controlled (see "Practical Techniques for Rolling Bearing Diagnosis").
Of particular note are the challenges under high-speed conditions. Under light load and high-speed operation, the rolling elements are prone to "slipping" due to the imbalance of centrifugal force and gyroscopic torque, which not only disrupts the stability of the oil film but may also cause vibration, noise, and even premature failure. Therefore, high-speed bearing design must precisely balance load, speed, and lubrication conditions.
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